What is the term used for a luminous discharge due to ionization of air surrounding an electrical conductor?

The term for a luminous discharge resulting from the ionization of air around an electrical conductor is known as "corona." This phenomenon occurs when the electric field around a conductor is strong enough to ionize the surrounding air, leading to a visible glow. The corona effect is often observed in high-voltage power lines and electrical equipment. It is significant in electrical engineering because it can lead to energy loss and potential damage if not managed properly.

In contrast, an arc refers to a visible discharge of electricity that occurs when a current passes through air or another medium, occurring at higher voltages than a corona. A circuit breaker is a protective device designed to interrupt the flow of current to prevent overheating or failure in an electrical circuit, while a flashover describes a rapid electrical discharge across an insulating barrier, often culminating in a complete breakdown of insulation. Each of these terms has its own specific context and implications in electrical systems, further differentiating them from corona.